Insofar as the copyright laws in the United States are concerned, there are two categories:
Protected works1 refer to creative and intellectual creations that are safeguarded by intellectual property laws. These laws vary by country, but in general, they aim to provide creators with exclusive rights to their creations for a certain period. The primary types of protected works include:
It's important to note that the specific laws and regulations governing intellectual property vary by jurisdiction. The protection afforded to creators and inventors aims to strike a balance between encouraging innovation and creativity and ensuring that the public benefits from the dissemination of knowledge and ideas.
Public Domain
The public domain refers to a space where intellectual property rights, such as copyrights, patents, and trademarks, no longer apply to a particular work or invention. Once a work or invention enters the public domain, it is free for use by the public without the need for permission or payment. This means that anyone can use, reproduce, modify, and distribute the work without legal restrictions. Such works or inventions dated before 1923 are generally considered to be past their copyright expiration date and categorized at public domain2
Works or inventions may enter the public domain through various means, including:
Public domain works play a crucial role in the dissemination of knowledge and culture, as they can be freely used by anyone for various purposes. However, it's essential to verify the copyright status and relevant laws in your jurisdiction, as the duration of copyright and rules for entering the public domain can vary internationally.
Bible Versions That Are Public Domain In The United States
American Standard 1901 (ASV)4
Bible in Basic English (BBE)9
Biblia Sacra Vulgata (VULGATE)10
Darby English Bible (DARBY)10
Douay-Rheims 1899 American Edition (DRA)10
King James Version (KJV)10
Open English Bible (OEB)11
Reina-Valera Antigua (RVA)10
Septuagint in American English 20125
Webster's Bible (WBT)6
World English Bible (WEB)7
Young's Literal Translation (YLT)8
The King James Version (KJV) of the Bible is one of the most well-known versions that is generally considered to be in the public domain. It was first published in 1611, and its copyright has long since expired. As a result, the text is freely available for public use and can be reproduced without permission3.
Other older translations, such as the Douay-Rheims Bible, the American Standard Version (ASV), and the World English Bible (WEB), may also be in the public domain, depending on the specific edition and the copyright laws in your jurisdiction.
However, it's important to note that modern translations and specific editions of older translations may still be under copyright protection. Translations like the New International Version (NIV), the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV), and others are typically protected by copyright. Always check the copyright information associated with a specific edition or translation to ensure compliance with the law.
Additionally, some organizations may release certain editions of the Bible with open licenses, allowing for more permissive use. For example, the World English Bible is an open-licensed modern English translation. Always review the terms and conditions associated with each version to understand the permissions and restrictions that apply.
References
1 https://www.copyright.gov/help/faq/faq-general.html
2 https://guides.library.oregonstate.edu/copyright/publicdomain
3 https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/16377/what-major-translations-of-the-bible-are-in-the-public-domain
4 http://www.bible-discovery.com/bible-license-asv.php
5 https://ebible.org/eng-lxx2012/copyright.htm
6 https://sacred-texts.com/bib/wbs/index.htm
7 https://worldenglish.bible/
8 https://www.biblegateway.com/versions/Youngs-Literal-Translation-YLT-Bible/
9 https://www.biblestudytools.com/bbe/
10 https://support.biblegateway.com/hc/en-us/articles/360001403507-What-Bibles-on-Bible-Gateway-are-in-the-public-domain-
11 https://openenglishbible.org/